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Matamela Cyril Ramaphosa (born 17 November 1952) is a South African businessman and politician who, since 2018, has served as the fifth democratically elected president of South Africa, as well as president of the African National Congress (ANC) since 2017. Previously an anti-apartheid activist, trade union leader and businessman, Ramaphosa served as secretary general to ANC president Nelson Mandela, deputy president to President Jacob Zuma, and chairman of the National Planning Commission[1] from 2014 to 2018.

He has been called a skillful negotiator[2] and strategist,[3] who acted as the ANC's chief negotiator during South Africa's transition to democracy.[4] Ramaphosa built up the biggest and most powerful trade union in the country, the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM).[5] He played a crucial role, with Roelf Meyer of the National Party, during the negotiations to bring about a peaceful end to apartheid and steer the country towards its first fully democratic elections in April 1994.[6] Ramaphosa was Nelson Mandela's choice for future president.[7] Ramaphosa is well known as a businessman, and his estimated net worth is over R6.4 billion ($450 million) as of 2018,[8] with 31 properties[9] and previously-held notable ownership in companies such as McDonald's South Africa, chair of the board for MTN and member of the board for Lonmin.

Ramaphosa served as the deputy president of South Africa from 2014 to 2018. He was later elected president of the African National Congress (ANC) at the ANC National Conference in December 2017. Ramaphosa is the former chairman of the National Planning Commission,[1] which is responsible for strategic planning for the future of the country, with the goal of rallying South Africa "around a common set of objectives and priorities to drive development over the longer term".[10] In 2018 he became President of South Africa without a general election, after Jacob Zuma resigned. Ramaphosa was re-elected president by the National Assembly to his first full term in May 2019 following the ANC's victory in the 2019 South African general election. Ramaphosa served as chairperson of the African Union from 2020 to 2021.[11]

Despite his credentials as an important proponent of his country's peaceful transition to democracy, he has also been criticised for the conduct of his business interests,[12][13][14][15][16] although he has never been indicted for illegal activity in any of these controversies. Controversial business dealings include his joint venture with Glencore[17] and allegations of benefitting illegally from coal deals with Eskom which he has staunchly denied,[18][19] during which Glencore was in the public spotlight for its tendentious business activities involving Tony Blair in the Middle East; his son, Andile Ramaphosa, has also been found to have accepted payments totalling R2 million from Bosasa, the security company implicated in corruption and state capture by the Zondo Commission;[20][21] and his employment on the board of directors of Lonmin while taking an active stance when the Marikana Massacre took place on Lonmin's Marikana premises. On 15 August 2012 he called for action against the Marikana miners' strike, which he called "dastardly criminal" conduct that needed "concomitant action" to be taken.[22] He later admitted and regretted his involvement in the act and said that it could have been avoided if contingency plans had been made prior to the labour strike.[23]

  1. 1 2 "NPC Commissioners". National Planning Commission. 4 February 2015. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  2. ↑ Mtimka, Ongama. "Ramaphosa has what it takes to fix South Africa's ailing ANC. But ..." The Conversation. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  3. ↑ "How Cyril Ramaphosa and Roelf Meyer joined forces to bring democracy to SA". 702. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  4. ↑ "Ramaphosa has what it takes to fix South Africa's ailing ANC. But ..." TimesLIVE. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  5. ↑ S., Saul, John. South Africa – the present as history : from Mrs. Ples to Mandela & Marikana. Woodbridge, Suffolk. ISBN 9781847010926. OCLC 872681428.
  6. ↑ tinashe (30 June 2011). "Negotiations and the transition". South African History Online. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  7. ↑ Munusamy, Ranjeni (20 December 2012). "Cyril Ramaphosa: the return of Nelson Mandela's chosen one". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 18 December 2016.
  8. ↑ "Here are the 20 richest people in South Africa". BusinessTech. Archived from the original on 17 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
  9. ↑ "Ramaphosa declares ownership of 31 properties". Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  10. ↑ "National Planning Commission". National Planning Commission. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named cyrilsupport
  12. ↑ "R2K protest for investigation into MTN and Ramaphosa corruption allegations". Right2Know Campaign. 12 October 2015. Archived from the original on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  13. ↑ Turner, Craig McKune and George Turner, Craig McKune, George. "Ramaphosa and MTN's offshore stash". Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 23 December 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  14. ↑ "Ramaphosa sells business stakes, creates billion-dollar black-owned company". BizNews.com. 26 May 2015. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  15. ↑ Mawson, Nicola. "Ramaphosa steps down as MTN chairman". ITWeb Technology News. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  16. ↑ "Cyril Ramaphosa's conflict of interest – Corruption Watch". Corruption Watch. 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  17. ↑ "Glencore, Ramaphosa eye 50/50 mining JVs in SA". Moneyweb. 11 October 2011. Archived from the original on 13 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  18. ↑ "Presidency, Glencore slam Ramaphosa Eskom claims". Fin24. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  19. ↑ "Did Ramaphosa benefit from Eskom coal deals?". Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 12 August 2017.
  20. ↑ "Bosasa paid me R2m, says Andile Ramaphosa | IOL News". www.iol.co.za. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  21. ↑ "The Ramaphosas' Bosasa money: Same script, different cast". News24. 27 March 2019. Archived from the original on 27 March 2019. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  22. ↑ Smith, David (24 October 2012). "Lonmin emails paint ANC elder as a born-again robber baron". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 2 December 2016. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
  23. ↑ "Cyril Ramaphosa: The true betrayal | Daily Maverick". Daily Maverick. 26 October 2012. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
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